Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527 AD) / CE) was an Italian born philosopher and the first known politicologist in Western Society. He wrote a famous book titled 'The Prince' in which he describes the way in which political power is used: 'the ends justify the means'.
The influence of his book war enormous: Napoleon Bonaparte, Benito Mussolini and Joseph Stalin knew, read and applied it.
You can find an article on Machiavelli in the Wikipedia
